(IMAGE (TYPE "GIF") (PATH "gifs/Syllabus Chapters/Motoneurons/nucs.BE.X.gif")) (OUTLINE-COLOR (NAME "YELLOW")) (STRING-COLOR (NAME "RED")) (PIN-COLOR (NAME "RED")) (FRAME-INFO (STRING "Branchial Motor Nuclei. The branchial motor nuclei \(also called the Special Visceral Efferent group\) innervate head and neck muscles derived from the branchial \(visceral or gill\) arches \(thus \"special visceral\"\), in contrast to those derived from somites. They form a discontinuous column of nuclei, located in groups at different levels of the brainstem but in a similar position mediolaterally. The nuclei are: the trigeminal motor nucleus \(V -- mastication\) and the facial motor nucleus \(VII -- facial expression\) in the pons, and the ambiguus nucleus \(IX, X -- swallowing and phonation\) in the medulla. Sometimes the cranial part of the accessory nucleus \(XI\) is included here. A simpler way to deal with the cranial part of the accessory nerve is to consider it not as a separate entity, but as a component of the vagus nerve because it arises from the caudal part of ambiguus and travels entirely with the vagus nerve. The accessory nerve is then included with the somatic efferent category because of its spinal origin and innervation of muscles derived from somites \(see previous frame\).")) 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